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Gene id

5465

Gene Summary Protein Summary Gene ontology KEGG pathways Diseases PubMed references

Gene Summary

Gene Symbol

PPARA Gene UCSC Ensembl

Aliases

NR1C1, PPAR, PPARalpha, hPPAR

Gene name

peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha

Alternate names

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, PPAR-alpha, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 1, peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, alpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor alpha variant 3,

Gene location

22q13.31 (46150533: 46243755) Exons: 14 NC_000022.11

Gene summary(Entrez)

Peroxisome proliferators include hypolipidemic drugs, herbicides, leukotriene antagonists, and plasticizers; this term arises because they induce an increase in the size and number of peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles found in plants and animals that contain enzymes for respiration and for cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The action of peroxisome proliferators is thought to be mediated via specific receptors, called PPARs, which belong to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. PPARs affect the expression of target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and in immune and inflammation responses. Three closely related subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) have been identified. This gene encodes the subtype PPAR-alpha, which is a nuclear transcription factor. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene, although the full-length nature of only two has been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

OMIM

170998

Protein Summary

Protein general information

Q07869

Name: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) (Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 1)

Length: 468 Mass: 52,225

Tissue specificity: Skeletal muscle, liver, heart and kidney. {ECO

Sequence

MVDTESPLCPLSPLEAGDLESPLSEEFLQEMGNIQEISQSIGEDSSGSFGFTEYQYLGSCPGSDGSVITDTLSPA
SSPSSVTYPVVPGSVDESPSGALNIECRICGDKASGYHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLVYDKCDRSCKIQKKNR
NKCQYCRFHKCLSVGMSHNAIRFGRMPRSEKAKLKAEILTCEHDIEDSETADLKSLAKRIYEAYLKNFNMNKVKA
RVILSGKASNNPPFVIHDMETLCMAEKTLVAKLVANGIQNKEAEVRIFHCCQCTSVETVTELTEFAKAIPGFANL
DLNDQVTLLKYGVYEAIFAMLSSVMNKDGMLVAYGNGFITREFLKSLRKPFCDIMEPKFDFAMKFNALELDDSDI
SLFVAAIICCGDRPGLLNVGHIEKMQEGIVHVLRLHLQSNHPDDIFLFPKLLQKMADLRQLVTEHAQLVQIIKKT
ESDAALHPLLQEIYRDMY

Structural information

Interpro:	IPR003074 IPR003076 IPR000536 IPR001723 IPR001628 IPR013088
Prosite:	PS00031 PS51030
Pfam:	PF00104 PF00105
PDB:	1I7G 1K7L 1KKQ 2NPA 2P54 2REW 2ZNN 3ET1 3FEI 3G8I 3KDT 3KDU 3SP6 3VI8 4BCR 4CI4 5AZT 5HYK
PDBsum:	1I7G 1K7L 1KKQ 2NPA 2P54 2REW 2ZNN 3ET1 3FEI 3G8I 3KDT 3KDU 3SP6 3VI8 4BCR 4CI4 5AZT 5HYK
DIP:	241
MINT:	232229
STRING:	ENSP00000262735;

Other Databases

GeneCards: PPARA; Malacards: PPARA

Gene ontology

GO accession	Term name	Evidence code	Go category
GO:0000122	negative regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0000122	negative regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0000978	RNA polymerase II core pr omoter proximal region se quence-specific DNA bindi ng	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001077	transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proxima l region sequence-specifi c binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001078	transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proxima l region sequence-specifi c binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001103	RNA polymerase II repress ing transcription factor binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0001190	transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0001223	transcription coactivator binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0001666	response to hypoxia	IEA	biological_process
GO:0003677	DNA binding	TAS	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	ISS	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0003707	steroid hormone receptor activity	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005634	nucleus	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0006367	transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II pr omoter	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006631	fatty acid metabolic proc ess	IEA	biological_process
GO:0007507	heart development	IEA	biological_process
GO:0008144	drug binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008144	drug binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008544	epidermis development	IEA	biological_process
GO:0010745	negative regulation of ma crophage derived foam cel l differentiation	IC	biological_process
GO:0010745	negative regulation of ma crophage derived foam cel l differentiation	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010871	negative regulation of re ceptor biosynthetic proce ss	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010887	negative regulation of ch olesterol storage	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010891	negative regulation of se questering of triglycerid e	IDA	biological_process
GO:0015908	fatty acid transport	TAS	biological_process
GO:0019902	phosphatase binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0019904	protein domain specific b inding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0030522	intracellular receptor si gnaling pathway	IEA	biological_process
GO:0031624	ubiquitin conjugating enz yme binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0032000	positive regulation of fa tty acid beta-oxidation	TAS	biological_process
GO:0032091	negative regulation of pr otein binding	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032099	negative regulation of ap petite	ISS	biological_process
GO:0032403	protein complex binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0032868	response to insulin	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of g ene expression	ISS	biological_process
GO:0035095	behavioral response to ni cotine	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042060	wound healing	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042157	lipoprotein metabolic pro cess	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042752	regulation of circadian r hythm	ISS	biological_process
GO:0043401	steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway	IEA	biological_process
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA bin ding	ISS	molecular_function
GO:0044255	cellular lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0045722	positive regulation of gl uconeogenesis	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045776	negative regulation of bl ood pressure	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045820	negative regulation of gl ycolytic process	IC	biological_process
GO:0045893	positive regulation of tr anscription, DNA-template d	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0046321	positive regulation of fa tty acid oxidation	ISS	biological_process
GO:0050728	negative regulation of in flammatory response	IDA	biological_process
GO:0051525	NFAT protein binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0070166	enamel mineralization	IEA	biological_process
GO:0072363	regulation of glycolytic process by positive regul ation of transcription fr om RNA polymerase II prom oter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072366	regulation of cellular ke tone metabolic process by positive regulation of t ranscription from RNA pol ymerase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072369	regulation of lipid trans port by positive regulati on of transcription from RNA polymerase II promote r	IDA	biological_process
GO:0097371	MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:1901215	negative regulation of ne uron death	IEA	biological_process
GO:1902894	negative regulation of pr i-miRNA transcription fro m RNA polymerase II promo ter	IDA	biological_process
GO:1903038	negative regulation of le ukocyte cell-cell adhesio n	IDA	biological_process
GO:2000678	negative regulation of tr anscription regulatory re gion DNA binding	IEA	biological_process
GO:0000122	negative regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0000122	negative regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0000978	RNA polymerase II core pr omoter proximal region se quence-specific DNA bindi ng	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001077	transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proxima l region sequence-specifi c binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001078	transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proxima l region sequence-specifi c binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001103	RNA polymerase II repress ing transcription factor binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0001190	transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0001223	transcription coactivator binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0001666	response to hypoxia	IEA	biological_process
GO:0003677	DNA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0003677	DNA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0003677	DNA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0003677	DNA binding	TAS	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	ISS	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0003707	steroid hormone receptor activity	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0003707	steroid hormone receptor activity	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0004872	receptor activity	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005634	nucleus	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-templa ted	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006355	regulation of transcripti on, DNA-templated	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006355	regulation of transcripti on, DNA-templated	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006355	regulation of transcripti on, DNA-templated	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006366	transcription from RNA po lymerase II promoter	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006367	transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II pr omoter	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006631	fatty acid metabolic proc ess	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006631	fatty acid metabolic proc ess	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007507	heart development	IEA	biological_process
GO:0008144	drug binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008144	drug binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008544	epidermis development	IEA	biological_process
GO:0010468	regulation of gene expres sion	IEA	biological_process
GO:0010745	negative regulation of ma crophage derived foam cel l differentiation	IC	biological_process
GO:0010745	negative regulation of ma crophage derived foam cel l differentiation	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010871	negative regulation of re ceptor biosynthetic proce ss	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010887	negative regulation of ch olesterol storage	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010891	negative regulation of se questering of triglycerid e	IDA	biological_process
GO:0015908	fatty acid transport	TAS	biological_process
GO:0019217	regulation of fatty acid metabolic process	IEA	biological_process
GO:0019902	phosphatase binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0019904	protein domain specific b inding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0030522	intracellular receptor si gnaling pathway	IEA	biological_process
GO:0031624	ubiquitin conjugating enz yme binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0032000	positive regulation of fa tty acid beta-oxidation	TAS	biological_process
GO:0032091	negative regulation of pr otein binding	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032099	negative regulation of ap petite	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032099	negative regulation of ap petite	ISS	biological_process
GO:0032403	protein complex binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0032868	response to insulin	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of g ene expression	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of g ene expression	ISS	biological_process
GO:0035095	behavioral response to ni cotine	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042060	wound healing	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042157	lipoprotein metabolic pro cess	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042752	regulation of circadian r hythm	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042752	regulation of circadian r hythm	ISS	biological_process
GO:0043401	steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway	IEA	biological_process
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA bin ding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA bin ding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA bin ding	ISS	molecular_function
GO:0044255	cellular lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0045722	positive regulation of gl uconeogenesis	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045776	negative regulation of bl ood pressure	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045820	negative regulation of gl ycolytic process	IC	biological_process
GO:0045893	positive regulation of tr anscription, DNA-template d	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045893	positive regulation of tr anscription, DNA-template d	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0046321	positive regulation of fa tty acid oxidation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0046321	positive regulation of fa tty acid oxidation	ISS	biological_process
GO:0046872	metal ion binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0048511	rhythmic process	IEA	biological_process
GO:0050728	negative regulation of in flammatory response	IDA	biological_process
GO:0051525	NFAT protein binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0070166	enamel mineralization	IEA	biological_process
GO:0072363	regulation of glycolytic process by positive regul ation of transcription fr om RNA polymerase II prom oter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072366	regulation of cellular ke tone metabolic process by positive regulation of t ranscription from RNA pol ymerase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072369	regulation of lipid trans port by positive regulati on of transcription from RNA polymerase II promote r	IDA	biological_process
GO:0097371	MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:1901215	negative regulation of ne uron death	IEA	biological_process
GO:1902894	negative regulation of pr i-miRNA transcription fro m RNA polymerase II promo ter	IDA	biological_process
GO:1903038	negative regulation of le ukocyte cell-cell adhesio n	IDA	biological_process
GO:2000678	negative regulation of tr anscription regulatory re gion DNA binding	IEA	biological_process
GO:0000122	negative regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0000122	negative regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0000978	RNA polymerase II core pr omoter proximal region se quence-specific DNA bindi ng	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001077	transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proxima l region sequence-specifi c binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001078	transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proxima l region sequence-specifi c binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0001103	RNA polymerase II repress ing transcription factor binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0003677	DNA binding	TAS	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	ISS	molecular_function
GO:0003700	transcription factor acti vity, sequence-specific D NA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0003707	steroid hormone receptor activity	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0004879	RNA polymerase II transcr iption factor activity, l igand-activated sequence- specific DNA binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005634	nucleus	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0006367	transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II pr omoter	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0006631	fatty acid metabolic proc ess	TAS	biological_process
GO:0008144	drug binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008144	drug binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IDA	molecular_function
GO:0010745	negative regulation of ma crophage derived foam cel l differentiation	IC	biological_process
GO:0010745	negative regulation of ma crophage derived foam cel l differentiation	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010871	negative regulation of re ceptor biosynthetic proce ss	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010887	negative regulation of ch olesterol storage	IDA	biological_process
GO:0010891	negative regulation of se questering of triglycerid e	IDA	biological_process
GO:0015908	fatty acid transport	TAS	biological_process
GO:0031624	ubiquitin conjugating enz yme binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0032000	positive regulation of fa tty acid beta-oxidation	TAS	biological_process
GO:0032099	negative regulation of ap petite	ISS	biological_process
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of g ene expression	ISS	biological_process
GO:0042752	regulation of circadian r hythm	ISS	biological_process
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA bin ding	ISS	molecular_function
GO:0044255	cellular lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological_process
GO:0045820	negative regulation of gl ycolytic process	IC	biological_process
GO:0045893	positive regulation of tr anscription, DNA-template d	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of tr anscription from RNA poly merase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0046321	positive regulation of fa tty acid oxidation	ISS	biological_process
GO:0050728	negative regulation of in flammatory response	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072363	regulation of glycolytic process by positive regul ation of transcription fr om RNA polymerase II prom oter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072366	regulation of cellular ke tone metabolic process by positive regulation of t ranscription from RNA pol ymerase II promoter	IDA	biological_process
GO:0072369	regulation of lipid trans port by positive regulati on of transcription from RNA polymerase II promote r	IDA	biological_process
GO:1902894	negative regulation of pr i-miRNA transcription fro m RNA polymerase II promo ter	IDA	biological_process
GO:1903038	negative regulation of le ukocyte cell-cell adhesio n	IDA	biological_process

KEGG pathways

hsa04932  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
hsa04024  cAMP signaling pathway
hsa05160  Hepatitis C
hsa04931  Insulin resistance
hsa04920  Adipocytokine signaling pathway
hsa04922  Glucagon signaling pathway
hsa03320  PPAR signaling pathway

Diseases

Associated diseases	References
Alzheimer's disease	PMID: 12938026
Cancer	PMID: 18398047
Coronary heart disease	PMID: 11119019
Endometriosis	PMID: 11443174
Glomerulonephritis	PMID: 19420105
Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia	OMIM: 170998
Hyperlipidemia	PMID: 12468272
Hypertriglyceridemia	PMID: 16630553
Metabolic syndrome	PMID: 15309680
Multiple sclerosis	PMID: 18977277
Endometriosis	INFBASE11443174
Obesity	PMID: 12855749
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)	PMID: 19681917
Psoriasis	PMID: 15083308
Wegener granulomatosis	PMID: 19223982

PubMed references

PMID	Condition	Mutation	Ethnicity	Population details	Infertility_type	Associated_genes	Abstract
11443174	Endometrio sis					PPAR-alpha PPAR-gamma	Show abstract